"A Great Debate in Every Newspaper": Franklin D. Roosevelt, the Press, and American Foreign Policy, 1940-1941

“News, if unreported, has no impact,” wrote journalist Gay Talese in his history of the New York Times, The Kingdom and the Power. “It might as well have not happened at all. Thus the journalist is the important ally of the ambitious, he is a lamplighter for stars.” 1 Journalism is perhaps the most important ally of the politician; Walter Lippmann, founding editor of The New Republic, seemed to think so when in 1922 he wrote, “The news is the chief source of the opinion by which government now proceeds.” 2 This was certainly true of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s government. President Roosevelt engaged frequently with the press: he held press conferences twice a week in the Oval Office and developed a rapport with many reporters, joking with them, teasing them, and winning their respect. However Roosevelt struggled with many newspaper publishers. While reporters in the press room were largely friendly towards his administration’s policies, their editors and publishers, who were mostly Republican, influenced press coverage toward their own political point of view